Compare French Guiana (2005) - Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2008)

Compare French Guiana (2005) z Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2008)

	French Guiana (2005)	Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2008)

Administrative divisions	none (overseas department of France)	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)
Age structure	0-14 years: 29.3% (male 29,262/female 27,947) 15-64 years: 64.7% (male 67,895/female 58,534) 65 years and over: 6.1% (male 6,038/female 5,830) (2005 est.)	0-14 years: NA 15-64 years: NA 65 years and over: NA
Agriculture - products	corn, rice, manioc (tapioca), sugar, cocoa, vegetables, bananas; cattle, pigs, poultry	fodder and vegetable crops; sheep, dairy products; fish, squid
Airports	11 (2004 est.)	6 (2007)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 4 over 3,047 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 2 under 914 m: 1 (2004 est.)	total: 2 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2007)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 7 914 to 1,523 m: 2 under 914 m: 5 (2004 est.)	total: 4 under 914 m: 4 (2007)
Area	total: 91,000 sq km land: 89,150 sq km water: 1,850 sq km	total: 12,173 sq km land: 12,173 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes the two main islands of East and West Falkland and about 200 small islands
Area - comparative	slightly smaller than Indiana	slightly smaller than Connecticut
Background	First settled by the French in 1604, French Guiana was the site of notorious penal settlements until 1951. The European Space Agency launches its communication satellites from Kourou.	Although first sighted by an English navigator in 1592, the first landing (English) did not occur until almost a century later in 1690, and the first settlement (French) was not established until 1764. The colony was turned over to Spain two years later and the islands have since been the subject of a territorial dispute, first between Britain and Spain, then between Britain and Argentina. The UK asserted its claim to the islands by establishing a naval garrison there in 1833. Argentina invaded the islands on 2 April 1982. The British responded with an expeditionary force that landed seven weeks later and after fierce fighting forced an Argentine surrender on 14 June 1982.
Birth rate	20.7 births/1,000 population (2005 est.)	NA
Budget	revenues: $225 million expenditures: $390 million, including capital expenditures of $105 million (1996)	revenues: $66.2 million expenditures: $67.9 million (FY98/99 est.)
Capital	Cayenne	name: Stanley geographic coordinates: 51 42 S, 57 51 W time difference: UTC-4 (1 hour ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1hr, begins first Sunday in September; ends third Sunday in April
Climate	tropical; hot, humid; little seasonal temperature variation	cold marine; strong westerly winds, cloudy, humid; rain occurs on more than half of days in year; average annual rainfall is 24 inches in Stanley; occasional snow all year, except in January and February, but does not accumulate
Coastline	378 km	1,288 km
Constitution	4 October 1958 (French Constitution)	3 October 1985; amended 1997 and 1998
Country name	conventional long form: Department of Guiana conventional short form: French Guiana local long form: none local short form: Guyane	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
Death rate	4.85 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)	NA
Debt - external	$1.2 billion (1988)	$NA
Dependency status	overseas department of France	overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (overseas department of France)	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (overseas department of France)	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)
Disputes - international	Suriname claims area between Riviere Litani and Riviere Marouini (both headwaters of the Lawa) in French Guiana	Argentina, which claims the islands in its constitution and briefly occupied them by force in 1982, agreed in 1995 to no longer seek settlement by force; UK continues to reject Argentine requests for sovereignty talks
Economic aid - recipient	NA	$0 (1997 est.)
Economy - overview	The economy is tied closely to the much larger French economy through subsidies and imports. Besides the French space center at Kourou (which accounts for 25% of GDP), fishing and forestry are the most important economic activities. Forest and woodland cover 90% of the country. The large reserves of tropical hardwoods, not fully exploited, support an expanding sawmill industry that provides sawn logs for export. Cultivation of crops is limited to the coastal area, where the population is largely concentrated; rice and manioc are the major crops. French Guiana is heavily dependent on imports of food and energy. Unemployment is a serious problem, particularly among younger workers.	The economy was formerly based on agriculture, mainly sheep farming, but today fishing contributes the bulk of economic activity. In 1987 the government began selling fishing licenses to foreign trawlers operating within the Falkland Islands' exclusive fishing zone. These license fees total more than $40 million per year, which help support the island's health, education, and welfare system. Squid accounts for 75% of the fish taken. Dairy farming supports domestic consumption; crops furnish winter fodder. Exports feature shipments of high-grade wool to the UK and the sale of postage stamps and coins. The islands are now self-financing except for defense. The British Geological Survey announced a 200-mile oil exploration zone around the islands in 1993, and early seismic surveys suggest substantial reserves capable of producing 500,000 barrels per day; to date, no exploitable site has been identified. An agreement between Argentina and the UK in 1995 seeks to defuse licensing and sovereignty conflicts that would dampen foreign interest in exploiting potential oil reserves. Tourism, especially eco-tourism, is increasing rapidly, with about 30,000 visitors in 2001. Another large source of income is interest paid on money the government has in the bank. The British military presence also provides a sizeable economic boost.
Electricity - consumption	427.9 million kWh (2002)	14.88 million kWh (2005)
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2002)	0 kWh (2005)
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2002)	0 kWh (2005)
Electricity - production	460.1 million kWh (2002)	16 million kWh (2005)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Bellevue de l'Inini 851 m	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Mount Usborne 705 m
Environment - current issues	NA	overfishing by unlicensed vessels is a problem; reindeer were introduced to the islands in 2001 for commercial reasons; this is the only commercial reindeer herd in the world unaffected by the 1986 Chornobyl disaster
Ethnic groups	black or mulatto 66%, white 12%, East Indian, Chinese, Amerindian 12%, other 10%	British
Exchange rates	Euros per US dollar - 0.8054 (2004), 0.886 (2003), 1.0626 (2002), 1.1175 (2001), 1.0854 (2000)	Falkland pounds per US dollar - 0.4993 (2007), 0.5434 (2006), 0.5504 (2005), 0.5462 (2004), 0.6125 (2003) note: the Falkland pound is at par with the British pound
Executive branch	chief of state: President Jacques CHIRAC of France (since 17 May 1995), represented by Prefect Ange MANCINI (since 31 July 2002) head of government: President of the General Council Joseph HO-TEN-YOU (since 26 March 2001); President of the Regional Council Antoine KARAM (since 22 March 1992) cabinet: NA elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; presidents of the General and Regional Councils are appointed by the members of those councils	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952) head of government: Governor Alan HUCKLE (since 25 August 2006); Chief Executive Chris SIMPKINS (since March 2003); note - Dr. Tim THOROGOOD will assume the position of Chief Executive in January 2008 cabinet: Executive Council; three members elected by the Legislative Council, two ex officio members (chief executive and the financial secretary), and the governor elections: none; the monarchy is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch
Exports	NA	0 bbl/day (2004)
Exports - commodities	shrimp, timber, gold, rum, rosewood essence, clothing	wool, hides, meat, fish, squid
Exports - partners	France 62%, Switzerland 7%, US 2% (2001)	Spain 81.9%, US 6%, UK 4.5% (2006)
Fiscal year	calendar year	1 April - 31 March
Flag description	the flag of France is used	blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Falkland Island coat of arms centered on the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms contains a white ram (sheep raising was once the major economic activity) above the sailing ship Desire (whose crew discovered the islands) with a scroll at the bottom bearing the motto DESIRE THE RIGHT
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA% (2001 est.)	agriculture: 95% industry: NA% services: NA% (1996)
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $8,300 (2003 est.)	-
GDP - real growth rate	NA%	NA%
Geographic coordinates	4 00 N, 53 00 W	51 45 S, 59 00 W
Geography - note	mostly an unsettled wilderness; the only non-independent portion of the South American continent	deeply indented coast provides good natural harbors; short growing season
Highways	total: 817 km (1998)	-
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs	small amount of marijuana grown for local consumption; minor transshipment point to Europe	-
Imports	NA	227.9 bbl/day (2004)
Imports - commodities	food (grains, processed meat), machinery and transport equipment, fuels and chemicals	fuel, food and drink, building materials, clothing
Imports - partners	France 63%, US, Trinidad and Tobago, Italy (2002 est.)	UK 72.5%, US 15.1%, Netherlands 8.5% (2006)
Independence	none (overseas department of France)	none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina)
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	NA%
Industries	construction, shrimp processing, forestry products, rum, gold mining	fish and wool processing; tourism
Infant mortality rate	total: 12.07 deaths/1,000 live births male: 12.91 deaths/1,000 live births female: 11.2 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)	total: NA male: NA female: NA
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	1.5% (2002 est.)	3.6% (1998)
International organization participation	UPU, WCL, WFTU	ICFTU, UPU
Irrigated land	20 sq km (1998 est.)	NA
Judicial branch	Court of Appeals or Cour d'Appel (highest local court based in Martinique with jurisdiction over Martinique, Guadeloupe, and French Guiana)	Supreme Court (chief justice is a nonresident); Magistrates Court (senior magistrate presides over civil and criminal divisions); Court of Summary Jurisdiction
Labor force	58,800 (1997)	1,724 (est.) (1996)
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture 18.2%, industry 21.2%, services, government, and commerce 60.6% (1980)	agriculture: 95% (mostly sheepherding and fishing) industry and services: 5% (1996)
Land boundaries	total: 1,183 km border countries: Brazil 673 km, Suriname 510 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 0.14% permanent crops: 0.05% other: 99.81% (90% forest, 10% other) (2001)	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (99% permanent pastures, 1% other) (2005)
Languages	French	English
Legal system	French legal system	English common law
Legislative branch	unicameral General Council or Conseil General (19 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms) and a unicameral Regional Council or Conseil Regional (31 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms) elections: General Council - last held NA March 2000 (next to be held NA 2006); Regional Council - last held 15 March 1998 (next to be held NA 2004) election results: General Council - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - PSG 5, various left-wing parties 5, independents 7, other 2; Regional Council - percent of vote by party - PS 28.28%, various left parties 22.56%, RPR 15.91%, independents 8.6%, Walwari Committee 6%; seats by party - PS 11, various left parties 9, RPR 6, independents 3, Walwari Committee 2 note: one seat was elected to the French Senate on 27 September 1998 (next to be held September 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NA; 2 seats were elected to the French National Assembly on 9 June-16 June 2002 (next to be held NA 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - UMP/RPR 1, Walwari Committee 1	unicameral Legislative Council (10 seats; 2 members are ex officio and 8 are elected by popular vote; to serve four-year terms); presided over by the governor elections: last held 17 November 2005 (next to be held in November 2009) election results: percent of vote - NA; seats - independents 8
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 77.09 years male: 73.77 years female: 80.58 years (2005 est.)	total population: NA male: NA female: NA
Literacy	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 83% male: 84% female: 82% (1982 est.)	NA
Location	Northern South America, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Brazil and Suriname	Southern South America, islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, east of southern Argentina
Map references	South America	South America
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm	territorial sea: 12 nm continental shelf: 200 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine	registered in other countries: 3	-
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of France	defense is the responsibility of the UK
Military branches	no regular military forces; Gendarmerie	no regular military forces
Military expenditures - dollar figure	$NA	-
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	NA	NA
National holiday	Bastille Day, 14 July (1789)	Liberation Day, 14 June (1982)
Nationality	noun: French Guianese (singular and plural) adjective: French Guianese	noun: Falkland Islander(s) adjective: Falkland Island
Natural hazards	high frequency of heavy showers and severe thunderstorms; flooding	strong winds persist throughout the year
Natural resources	bauxite, timber, gold (widely scattered), petroleum, kaolin, fish, niobium, tantalum, clay	fish, squid, wildlife, calcified seaweed, sphagnum moss
Net migration rate	5.11 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.)	NA
Political parties and leaders	Guyanese Democratic Action or ADG [Andre LECANTE]; Guyanese Socialist Party or PSG [Marie-Claude VERDAN]; Guyana Democratic Forces or FDG [Georges OTHILY]; Popular National Guyanese Party or PNPG [Jose DORCY]; Socialist Party or PS [Paul DEBRIETTE]; Union for a Popular Movement or UMP (includes RPR) [Muriel ICARE]; Walwari Committee (aligned with the PRG in France) [Christine TAUBIRA-DELANON]	none; all independents
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA	none
Population	195,506 (July 2005 est.)	3,105 (July 2007 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	NA%
Population growth rate	2.1% (2005 est.)	2.44% (2007 est.)
Ports and harbors	Degrad des Cannes	-
Radio broadcast stations	AM 2, FM 14 (including 6 repeaters), shortwave 6 (including 5 repeaters) (1998)	AM 1, FM 7, shortwave 0 (British Forces Broadcasting Service (BFBS) provides Radio 1 and Radio 2 service) (2006)
Religions	Roman Catholic	primarily Anglican, Roman Catholic, United Free Church, Evangelist Church, Jehovah's Witnesses, Lutheran, Seventh-Day Adventist
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.16 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.04 male(s)/female total population: 1.12 male(s)/female (2005 est.)	-
Suffrage	18 years of age; universal	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: NA domestic: fair open-wire and microwave radio relay system international: country code - 594; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)	general assessment: NA domestic: government-operated radiotelephone and private VHF/CB radiotelephone networks provide effective service to almost all points on both islands international: country code - 500; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) with links through London to other countries
Telephones - main lines in use	51,000 (2001)	2,400 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular	138,200 (2002)	0 (2001)
Television broadcast stations	3 (plus eight low-power repeaters) (1997)	2 (British Forces Broadcasting Service (BFBS) provides multi-channel satellite service to members of UK Forces as well as islanders); cable television is available in Stanley (2006)
Terrain	low-lying coastal plains rising to hills and small mountains	rocky, hilly, mountainous with some boggy, undulating plains
Total fertility rate	3.01 children born/woman (2005 est.)	NA
Unemployment rate	22% (2001)	full employment; labor shortage (2001)
Waterways	3,760 km note: 460 km navigable by small oceangoing vessels and coastal and river steamers, 3,300 km by native craft (2004)	-

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